A defence of phrenology
An 1847 American work defending phrenology, the pseudoscience of reading character from skull shape, written by Andrew Boardman and published in New York by Kearny for a general readership. Its pictures are plain black-and-white wood engravings of skulls in profile and of the back of the head, with hatched shading marking the areas of the brain the theory assigned to faculties. A designer might take the flat, diagrammatic linework and the labelled, numbered anatomical style for vintage scientific figures.





