Scientific American, Vol. 44, No. 24 (1881)
Scientific American, volume 44 number 24 from 1881, a weekly American technical periodical that printed engineering and mechanical inventions for a general readership of inventors and tradesmen. The pictures are black-and-white wood engravings of machines and apparatus, each drawn in clean outline with hatched shading and labelled parts. A designer might take their crisp mechanical linework, dense hatching for metal volumes, and the plain diagrammatic way parts are shown in isolation.
