Icones Sive Imagines viuæ, literis Cl. Virorum, Italiae, Graeciae, Germaniae, Galliae, Angliae, Vngariae
Icones Sive Imagines Vivae is a 1589 book of woodcut portrait icons of learned men from Italy, Greece, Germany, France, England and Hungary, compiled by Nikolaus Reusner and Theodor Zwinger and held by Heidelberg University Library. Each portrait sits in a framed oval-cornered border with a Latin caption and name heading, showing scholars in hats, caps and gowns in profile or three-quarter view. A designer might take the ornate scrollwork frames, the close hatched line shading of the faces and robes, and the compact name-and-caption layout as models for historical portrait panels.
