A vindication of phrenology
A vindication of phrenology is a late nineteenth-century London treatise by W. Mattieu Williams, published by Chatto & Windus in 1894, defending phrenology as a serious study of the brain. Its plates are engraved anatomical views of the brain, showing the convoluted cortex from the side and from below, with numbered lobes and fissures labelled in roman numerals and letters. A designer could draw on their stippled, shadowed tonal rendering of folded organic forms and the dense hatching of the cerebellum.
