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The practical metal-worker's assistant : comprising metallurgic chemistry, the arts of working all metals and alloys, forging of iron and steel, hardening and tempering, melting and mixing, casting and founding, works in sheet metal, the processes dependent on the ductility of the metals, soldering, and the most improved processes, and tools employed by metal-workers, with the application of the art of electro-metallurgy to manufacturing processes, collected from original sources, and from the works of Holtzapffel, Bergeron, Leupold, Plumier, Napier, Scoffern, Clay, Fairbairn, and others (1872)

Byrne, Oliver · Philadelphia : H.C. Baird · leaf 129

An illustration from The practical metal-worker's assistant : comprising metallurgic chemistry, the arts of working all metals and alloys, forging of iron and steel, hardening and tempering, melting and mixing, casting and founding, works in sheet metal, the processes dependent on the ductility of the metals, soldering, and the most improved processes, and tools employed by metal-workers, with the application of the art of electro-metallurgy to manufacturing processes, collected from original sources, and from the works of Holtzapffel, Bergeron, Leupold, Plumier, Napier, Scoffern, Clay, Fairbairn, and others, 1872, leaf 129
ength also becomes cold and rigid ; but its contraction is now- resisted by the rigid arch of the exterior with which it is surrounded. The contraction of the interior, therefore, is limited to taking place radially outwards from the centre ; and thus the mass rends itself asunder in some one or… … would not have taken place, as the con¬ traction would have been uniform throughout, at the same time the conducting power of iron is sufficient to allow of the heat passing from the interior to the outside with sufficient rapidity to prevent any fissure or unsoundness taking place in the forging.…

Metal-work · Electrometallurgy · Metallurgy

Internet Archive · Getty Research Institute · Public domain (published before 1931). Free to use for anything.

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